What places/attractions/monuments or places to visit in Germany ( Bamberg, Nuremberg area) that are considered historical and cultural?

Name a couple of examples of monuments not erected by emperors or members of their family. Describe each briefly. How are they both similar to and different from imperial monuments (meaning those pertaining to emperors)?

I was at Gettysburg last summer and you couldn't swing a cat without hitting at least two monuments and a historical marker. I've been a fan of the movie for years, and I was wondering, since it was filmed on location, how did they avoid having monuments (like the Pennsylvania Memorial) in the shot?

Anyone has any idea? Why is it that his work are so famous as public monuments?